Abstract
The role of pesticides in modern agriculture is not in doubt; the continuous improvement of drugs and technologies for their use reduces the possibility of environmental pollution and their accumulation in manufactured products. The purpose of the research is to assess the pollution of the soil cover of agricultural land with residual amounts of pesticides in the Samara region conditions. Tasks: to analyze the content of insectoacaricides and herbicides residual amounts in the soil in the spring and autumn; - establish patterns of residual pesticides migration along the soil profile. As a result of studies conducted in 2016-2018. it was found that the content of total DDT related to the first hazard class in the studied samples decreases, a similar situation is observed for organochlorine insectoacaricides HCH and HCB, their residual amounts were found in the soil in the autumn and spring periods of 2016. Residual quantities of the organophosphorus insect metacosacaricide were detected annually (the exception was the autumn period of 2017). Regarding the content of residual amounts of herbicides in the soil (2, 4-D, dalapon, simazine, atrazine, promethrin, trifluralin, THAN), it can be noted that during the years of research their content was mainly reduced. A study of the pesticides vertical migration showed that the content of their residual amounts in the soil increases with depth, reaching a maximum at a depth of 1.0-1.6 m.
Highlights
The problem of protection and rational use of natural resources has become one of the most urgent for humanity [1-3]
During the years of research, the content of residual pesticides in the soil increased with depth, reaching a maximum in the waterresistant clay horizon (1.0-1.6 m)
Pursuant to Russia's international obligations, the residual amounts of DDT in the soil are regularly monitored in the framework of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Samara Region
Summary
The problem of protection and rational use of natural resources has become one of the most urgent for humanity [1-3]. In Russia, agricultural nature management depends on a number of social and economic factors, representing the interaction of society with the environment. The development of territorial planning and adaptive landscape farming systems design will allow the production of economically and environmentally determined quantity and quality, ensuring the stability of agricultural landscapes and the soil fertility reproduction [4, 5]. The pesticides use in modern conditions allows to reduce crop losses from pests and maintain the resulting products quality [6-9]. The soil-protective and minimal tillage is impossible without the pesticides use; it is possible to reduce the effectiveness of other measures, for example, the application of fertilizers and ameliorants [10-12]
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