Abstract
ABSTRACT We conducted an integrative literature review of published studies on pesticide and cancer exposure, focusing on farmers, rural population, pesticide applicators, and rural workers. The Medline/PubMed was used as searching database. After the retrieval, 74 articles were selected according to pre-established criteria, which design involved 39 case-controls, 32 cohorts, 2 ecological ones, and 1 cross-sectional. Among them, 64 studies showed associations between pesticides and cancer while 10 did not find any significant association. The studies found 53 different types of pesticides significantly associated with at least one type of cancer and 19 different types of cancers linked to at least one type of pesticide. Although few studies presented contradictory results, the sole fact of being a farmer or living near crops or high agricultural areas have also been used as a proxy for pesticide exposure and significantly associated with higher cancer risk. The literature well illustrates the case of prostate cancer, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma, bladder and colon cancers. Studies are recommended to further investigate the relationship between pesticide and neoplasm of testis, breast, esophagus, kidney, thyroid, lip, head and neck, and bone.
Highlights
Pesticides are chemical substances or mixture of substances used in the public health domain so to combat disease vectors, such as mosquitoes, as in agriculture to combat pests that harm crops1
This study did not discuss potential mechanisms of action of pesticides that could have improved the study. This integrative literature review showed that the risk of several cancer types increased significantly with exposure to several types of pesticides, most of which are still in use in the United States and Brazil
A few studies presented contradictory results, being a farmer or living near crops or high agricultural areas have been used as a proxy for pesticide exposure and significantly associated with higher cancer risk
Summary
Pesticides are chemical substances or mixture of substances used in the public health domain so to combat disease vectors, such as mosquitoes, as in agriculture to combat pests that harm crops. Available on Medline/ PubMed database under the search described below, investigated the relation between pesticide and cancer. They either reviewed only (a) one type of cancer, (b) one type of pesticide or chemical group, (c) one study design or research group, (d) one age range, or (e) a sole population. The aim of this study was to conduct an integrative literature review of published studies on pesticide exposure and cancer with a focus on farmers, rural population, pesticide applicators and rural workers, considering all cancer types, agricultural pesticides, and age ranges
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