Abstract
School of Islamic studies for children and young people (pesantren) is a conventional education institution that – from its publishing until now – it has experienced various changes and played many roles in Indonesia. Its main elements that consist of kyai (the teacher), santri (the student), mosque, boarding school, and kitab kuning (the books) are unique elements that make it different from other education institutions. Along with social change current, there is a view that pesantren is no longer relevant and must be reformed. Therefore, pesantren is demanded to be “supermarket” that supplies many kinds of product and has sensitive curriculum in order to be consumed by its community.
Highlights
Its main elements that consist of kyai, santri, mosque, boarding school, and kitab kuning are unique elements that make it different from other education institutions
Along with social change current, there is a view that pesantren is no longer relevant and must be reformed
Pesantren is demanded to be “supermarket” that supplies many kinds of product and has sensitive curriculum in order to be consumed by its community
Summary
Kiyai merupakan unsur yang paling esensial bagi pondok pesantren. Watak dan keberhasilan pesantren banyak juga dipengaruhi oleh keahlian dan kedalaman ilmu, karismatik dan wibawa, serta ketrampilan kyai. Pribadi kyai sangat menentukan sebab dia adalah tokoh sentral dalam pesantren ( Hasbullah 1999:144). Istilah kyai bukan berasal dari bahasa Arab, melainkan dari bahasa Jawa (Mayra Walsh 2002: 9). Dalam bahasa Jawa, perkataan kyai dipakai untuk tiga jenis gelar yang berbeda, yaitu: pertama, sebagai gelar kehormatan bagi barang-barang yang dianggap keramat; contohnya, “kyai garuda kencana” dipakai untuk sebutkan kereta emas yang ada di Kraton Yogyakarta. Gelar kehormatan bagi orangorang tua pada umumnya. Gelar yang diberikan oleh masyarakat kepada orang ahli agama Islam yang memiliki atau menjadi pimpinan pesantren dan mengajar kitabkitab Islam klasik kepada para santrinya (Dhofier, 1985: 55)
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