Abstract
The amount of Arabic vocabulary absorbed into Indonesian can cause several problems, one of which is in the field of word meaning. Absorption words that come from different languages are very possible to experience changes from the original meaning. Therefore, the researcher wants to study further about the form of Arabic vocabulary that has been absorbed into Indonesian and experienced changes in meaning and what factors can cause changes in meaning in Arabic vocabulary that are absorbed into Indonesian. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method followed by analyzing the data obtained and presenting it in the form of a description. The results of this study indicate that changes in meaning that occur in Arabic vocabulary that are absorbed into Indonesian include three things, namely the expansion of meaning, narrowing of meaning, and change in total meaning. The factors that cause changes in meaning are developments in science and technology, social and cultural development, differences in usage fields, the existence of associations, differences in responses, grammatical processes, and the development of terms.
Highlights
The amount of Arabic vocabulary absorbed into Indonesian can cause several problems, one of which is in the field of word meaning
The results of this study indicate that changes in meaning that occur in Arabic vocabulary that are absorbed into Indonesian include three things, namely the expansion of meaning, narrowing of meaning, and change in total meaning
Adapun faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan makna pada kata-kata serapan tersebut adalah perkembangan dalam ilmu dan teknologi, perkembangan sosial dan budaya, perbedaan bidang pemakaian, adanya asosiasi, perbedaan tanggapan, proses gramatikal, dan pengembangan istilah
Summary
Penyerapan kosakata bahasa Arab ke dalam bahasa Indonesia yang dapat merubah makna kata dapat dilakukan karena suatu kebutuhan dalam mengungkapkan sebuah tujuan atau maksud tertentu di mana peminjaman kata dari bahasa lain sangat mudah dilakukan daripada penciptaan sebuah kata-kata baru. Terdapat banyak sekali faktor yang dapat memudahkan pergeseran dan perubahan makna kosakata, sebagaimana yang dituliskan oleh Antoine Meillet Perubahan makna, last of motivation (kehilangan motivasi), faktor salah kaprah atau kebiasaan dengan sesuatu yang salah dan dibiarkan terus berjalan tanpa usaha perbaikan dari pemakainya, serta struktur kosakata yang sangat bersifat terbuka. Ullmann (1962) menyebutkan terdapat enam sebab perubahan makna, yakni sebab-sebab yang bersifat kebahasaan, sebab-sebab historis yang menyangkut benda, lembaga, gagasan, dan konsep ilmiah, sebab-sebab sosial, faktor psikologis, pengaruh bahasa asing, dan kebutuhan akan makna baru
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