Pertumbuhan dan Rendemen Minyak Atsiri Tanaman Selasih (Ocimum basilicum L.) pada Naungan yang Berbeda

Abstract

Basil is a plant that produces essential oils. The synthesis of essential oils is influenced by environmental factors such as light and temperature. Giving shade can affect the intensity of light and temperature received by plants. The purpose of this study was to examine different shading effects on growth and oil yield. This study is an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) with a single pattern, namely shade with growth parameters and a factorial pattern with the first factor being shade and the second factor being plant organs with essential oil yield parameters. Planting is done by sowing the seeds for 2 weeks then transferred them to polybags measuring 30 cm x 30 cm which contains planting media in the form of a mixture of soil, coco peat, roasted husks, and compost in a ratio of 1:1:1:1 and given 30 g of manure. Shade treatment used 0%, 25%, and 50% shade to determine the effect of growth, while the oil yield was taken from the leaves, stems, and flowers to determine the interaction between shade and organ essential oil yield. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a 95% confidence level, and if there was a significant difference, it was continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Parameter data taken were the number of leaves, time of flower initiation, plant height, number of primary branches, leaf area, dry weight, wet weight, and essential oil yield (leaves, stems, and flowers). The results showed that there was a significant effect on the parameters of plant height, leaf area, flower initiation time, and essential oil yield. The highest oil yield was in the flower parts of plants with 50% shading.