Abstract
Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) is a plant that is rich in benefits, but the yield is still low, some of which are due to a lack of nutrients, one of which is micro nutrient zinc, and improper plant spacing. The research was carried out to determine: 1) the best dose of Zn fertilizer and the right plant spacing; 2) the interaction between Zn fertilizer dosage and plant spacing; 3) the relationship (correlation) between the two observed variables. The research was conducted from July to October 2018 in Teluk Dalam Village, Mulawarman Village, Tenggarong Seberang District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. The 4x3 factorial experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The first factor was the dose of Zn fertilizer, consisting of four levels, namely 0.00; 3.00; 6.00; and 9.00 kg Zn ha-1. The second factor was plant spacing, consisting of: 50 cm x 50 cm; 60 cm x 50 cm; 70 cm x 50 cm. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance, followed by the LSD test at the 5% level. Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between two quantitative variables. The results showed that the effect of Zn fertilizer dosage was significantly different on plant height and plant age at first harvest, number of fruit per plant, fruit fresh weight per plant, harvest frequency, and fruit fresh weight per hectare, but not significantly different on plant height and age plants at flowering and the number of branches per plant. The effect of plant spacing was significantly different, on the other hand, the interaction was not significantly different on all observed variables. The best dose of Zn fertilizer is 6.00 kg ha-1 with fruit fresh weight 25.16 Mg ha-1 and the best plant spacing is 70 cm x 50 cm with fruit fresh weight 25.18 Mg ha-1. The results of the correlation analysis showed that fruit fresh weight per hectare had a positive correlation with the number of fruit, fruit fresh weight per plant, and the frequency of harvest with the correlation coefficient (r), respectively 0.7350; 0.8190; and 0.6316, but negatively correlated with plant age at flowering and first harvest, namely -0.2552 and -0.3292.
Highlights
Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang sangat dikenal masyarakat dan mempunyai banyak manfaat, baik sebagai sayuran, bahan baku industri obat-obatan dan kosmetik, maupun sebagai bahan baku pengolahan makanan
The results showed that the effect of Zn fertilizer dosage was significantly different on plant height and plant age at first harvest, several fruits per plant, fruit fresh weight per plant, harvest frequency, and fruit fresh weight per hectare, but not significantly different on plant height and age plants at flowering and the number of branches per plant
Makalah Seminar Nasional dalam rangka Dies Natalis UNS ke-42 Tahun 2018 “Peran Keanekaragaman Hayati untuk Mendukung Indonesia sebagai Lumbung Pangan Dunia”
Summary
Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian dilaksanakan selama kurang lebih empat bulan (Juli – Oktober 2018), di Desa Teluk Dalam, Kelurahan Mulawarman, Kecamatan Tenggarong Seberang, Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur. Faktor kedua adalah jarak tanam, terdiri atas tiga taraf, yaitu 50 cm x 50 cm; 60 cm x 50 cm; dan 70 cm x 50 cm. 2. Pengolahan Tanah Lahan penelitian terlebih dahulu dibersihkan dari gulma dan kotoran lain, kemudian dilakukan pengolahan tanah dengan cara dicangkul, setelah itu dibiarkan selama satu minggu, selanjutnya dibuat petak-petak sebanyak 36 petak yang dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, masing masing. Pupuk dasar NPK dan SP-36 dengan dosis masing-masing 375 g petak-1 setara dengan 500 kg ha-1 dan 31,50 g petak-1 setara dengan 15 kg ha-1 diberikan satu kali, yaitu seminggu sebelum tanam pada lahan yang telah diolah. Bibit yang telah dipilih (sehat dan seragam) dipindahkan ke petak percobaan yang telah disiapkan dengan jarak tanam sesuai perlakuan, yaitu 50 cm x. Panen dilakukan pada pagi atau sore hari dengan cara memutar buah tomat secara hati-hati sampai buah terlepas dari tangkainya. Analisis korelasi dipakai untuk mengetahui hubungan antara berat segar buah per hektar dengan variabel-variabel lain
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