Perspectives on the application of large language models in healthcare

Abstract

Large language models have become a new significant breakthrough in the field of artificial intelligence. They are changing approaches to machine learning from models that solve narrow problems and require large amounts of data with the known answers for training, to generative models that are fine tunable to solve specific problems using a small number of examples with the known answers or even none at all. Medicine is one of the areas in which the use of large language models can become extremely useful. The review presents data on the latest achievements in the use of large language models for medical tasks, prospects for using these models as the basis for the digital assistants for doctors and patients, as well as existing regulatory and ethical barriers to the development of this breakthrough technology for addressing healthcare challenges.