Abstract
The global challenges of pollution emission in cement industry in relation to energy consumption factor are overwhelming. No doubt it has been established that economic development has an impact on the environmental pollution and ecological system. With major constituent of environmental affluence been CO2, the consideration has to be on the type of manufacturing process, the consumption mix and the additive ratio. This paper focuses on the cement industry and aims to provide a systematic review of the specific operations, its trend and its impact on environmental pollution in terms of energy consumption and emissions evolved.
Highlights
Cement is widely regarded as one of the most important building materials available to man, and concrete, which is primarily composed of cement, is classified as one of the most universally utilized materials on earth [1, 2]
This paper focuses on the cement industry and aims to provide a systematic review of the specific operations, its trend and its impact on environmental pollution in terms of energy consumption and emissions evolved
Over 90% of the energy required for cement manufacture is obtained from fossil fuels, while the remaining 10% of energy is obtained via electricity, the statistical figure of energy consumption for the cement industry stands at 2% of global primary energy consumption or about 5% of total global industrial energy consumption [1]
Summary
Cement is widely regarded as one of the most important building materials available to man, and concrete, which is primarily composed of cement, is classified as one of the most universally utilized materials on earth [1, 2]. Having established the fact that industrialization directly influences environmental pollution, the cement industry historically, has affirmed to this trend, and has been observed to generate a high volume of particulate emissions (CO2), in the production of Portland cement clinker, due to the usage of high carbon fuels and emissions from the cement production process [7, 8].
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