Perspectives of Stem Cell Therapy: A Promising Therapeutic for Cancer Model and Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract

The most promising therapeutic option is cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs, leaders of a cancer hierarchy, possess stem cell-like traits such as self-rehabilitation and the cognition to differentiate abnormally. CSCs do not have to be uncommon in tumors; cancer and non-cancer stem cells can change correctable phenotypic modification, and the phenotype of CSCs can differ significantly between the patients. The function of CSC metabolism and the mechanisms underlying CSC metabolic adaptability have become a key focus of modern cancer research. CSC resistance can develop as a result of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, as well as following chemotherapy secession. Neurodegenerative diseases are involved in continuous damage of neurons structure and/or function which denotes multiple degrees of paralysis and declined cognition and sensation. Globally, millions of people were infected by Alzheimer’s disease (AD) which is a complicated, irretrievable, forceful neurodegenerative infirmity. Commonly, the populace over 65 years may acquire this senile disease with characteristic features of destruction, mental function minimization which comprises loss of memory, cognitive injury, and finally declined life eminence of patients. Asymmetrical expression of proteins specifically Beta-amyloid “plaques” and Tau “Tangles” in the brain is measured as pathogenic properties of AD. Worldwide Alzheimer dementia (AD) pervasiveness has been calculated as elevated as 25 million, and it has been forecasted that AD will be twofold every 20 years till 2040. Mutually developed and developing nations had a remarkable collision on Alzheimer’s disease had a remarkable collision on infected individuals, caretakers, and civilization. Older age and genetic susceptibility are the major etiological factors for Alzheimer’s dementia. Existing treatment protocols facilitate recuperate from symptoms, and there is a deficiency in permanent recovery from the disease. Cell therapy strategies have been considered as an authoritative utensil for treating Alzheimer’s disease patients. Stem cell therapy also entitled regenerative cell therapy has been considered an unquestionably influential pioneering tactic in treating the disease of neurodegenerative for the past 20 years. Stem cells have the competence of recuperating damaged neuronal tissues through substituting the injured vanished neuronal cells with differentiated cells providing an advantageous atmosphere that promotes regeneration and safeguarding existing healthy neurons and glial cells from imminent injury. Therefore, in this chapter, we have elaborately discussed different stem cell types, neurodegenerative disease management through stem cell-based therapies, and current advancements in stem cell rehabilitation. However, improved sympathetic and additional investigation in stem cell methodologies may lead to the sensible and successful handling of ailments of neurodegenerative.KeywordsCancer stem cell therapyAlzheimer’s disease (AD)DementiaBeta-amyloidNeurodegenerative disordersStem cell therapy