Perspectives of Biological Analysis in Latin America Using Multi and Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography: A Mini-review

Abstract

Multi and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography application have been increasingly mentioned in different countries. This technique increases the efficiency of peak separation in chromatographic analysis, minimizing problems due to the presence of interfering compounds in the analysis, especially in complex matrices. In Latin America, it has been applied to different areas of study. However, biological samples have been reported in a small number of applications. This mini-review addresses studies where the multi and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography technique have been applied to biological samples’ analyses. Biological matrices are generally complex, and sample preparation usually requires a large number of steps to minimize potential interferences. The main areas of study described were related to doping control analysis and biomarker analysis. The urine sample was the main type of biological sample used in the studies. Studies have shown that results obtained by two-dimensional gas chromatography or supported or not by mathematical tools allow high efficiency in solving problems such as coelution. However, the small number of works published with the participation of Latin American researchers indicate that equipment price, especially when mass spectrometry is used as a detector, has a limiting factor in its wide application.