Abstract
As cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women worldwide even with present screening methods, the incidence in most developed countries is not decreasing for the last 15-20 years. A shift has been observed in the age of diagnosis in favour of younger women, and treatment of already developed cervical cancer is a challenge for surgeons. It is imperative to find new diagnostic methods for accurately pointing out patients at high risk of developing malignant disease and developing personalized treatment. Since cervical cancer is almost exclusively associated with HPV infection, understanding changes happening in an infected cell may prove invaluable for search of such methods, but it may also prove helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of other anogenital and nasopharyngeal region cancers. This review follows HPV-related changes in infected cell biology to point what potential markers and targets for therapy are in option when dealing with HPV-related diseases.
Highlights
Cervical cancer is the 5th most common malignancy in women, with over 560 000 cases annually being diagnosed [1]
The incidence of cervical cancer has dropped drastically with introduction of routine screening methods such as the Pap smear. Another breakthrough was the discovery of human papilloma virus (HPV) role in cervical neoplasia [2]
HPV is a member of the Papillomaviridae (PV) family, which includes over 200 genotypes specific to humans [3, 4]
Summary
Aleksander Celewicz ,1 Marta Celewicz ,2 Michał Michalczyk ,1 and Rafał Rzepka 1. As cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women worldwide even with present screening methods, the incidence in most developed countries is not decreasing for the last 15-20 years. A shift has been observed in the age of diagnosis in favour of younger women, and treatment of already developed cervical cancer is a challenge for surgeons. It is imperative to find new diagnostic methods for accurately pointing out patients at high risk of developing malignant disease and developing personalized treatment. Since cervical cancer is almost exclusively associated with HPV infection, understanding changes happening in an infected cell may prove invaluable for search of such methods, but it may prove helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of other anogenital and nasopharyngeal region cancers. This review follows HPV-related changes in infected cell biology to point what potential markers and targets for therapy are in option when dealing with HPV-related diseases
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