Abstract
The power conversion efficiency of lead halide perovskite solar cells recently surpassed 22.1%. In this study, we suggest the perovskite absorber growth mechanism of the two-step process could be explained by an Ostwald ripening growth model for planar-structure perovskite solar cells. We attempt to find out the source of two main problems such as unreacted PbI2 and non-uniformed morphology by the proposed ripening growth mechanism and experimental results. This growth mechanism opens the way toward understanding a key aspect of the photovoltaic operation of high-efficiency, two-step perovskite solar cells.
Highlights
We suggest the perovskite absorber growth mechanism of the two-step process could be explained by an Ostwald ripening growth model for planar-structure perovskite solar cells
We attempt to find out the source of two main problems such as unreacted PbI2 and non-uniformed morphology by the proposed ripening growth mechanism and experimental results
Perovskite solar cells based on organometal halide absorbers are considered to be a promising photovoltaic technology because of their large power conversion efficiency (PCE) and low material costs
Summary
Perovskite solar cells based on organometal halide absorbers are considered to be a promising photovoltaic technology because of their large power conversion efficiency (PCE) and low material costs. The large particle continuously grows because the inverse reaction (growth) occurs until the inverse flux of the dissolved components from the small grain stops When the surface of the PbI2 is fully covered with the perovskite film, the additional reaction is retarded due to difficult MAI diffusion through the lattice or grain boundary of the perovskite layer In this manner, the amount of residual PbI2 that exists after the loading time depends on the forward reaction of Eq (2). The perovskite film without residual PbI2 and with uniform morphology could not be formed, the two-step process was still promising because it allowed us to control the large-scale solar cell area.
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