Perspective resources of resistance of spring oats to loose smut

Abstract

Goal. Search for the most valuable sources of spring oats, resistant to the defeat of loose smut.
 Methods. Field, finely divided. The area of the crop area is 2 m2, the repetition is three times. The study was carried out in fields at Verhnyachka experimental breeding station of the Institute of biopower crops and sugar beet of NAAS of Ukraine. The materials for the research were 94 own selection created varieties with the involvement of varieties of different ecological and geographical origin, obtained from the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine.
 Results. The results of the study of newly created spring oats varieties in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine in the 2015—2018 validity for resistance to the pathogen of loose smut on an artificial infectious background are given. The total share of resistant forms of the disease was established: very high — resistant — 25.5%, high- resistant — 19.1%, resistant — 17.0%, vulnerable — 21.3%, susceptible — 16.0% and 1.1% — highly susceptible. Susceptible and highly susceptible specimen were discarded, while the vulnerable specimen were involved in the process of hybridization with resistant to sustainability.
 Conclusions. The differentiation of varieties of spring oats for resistance to loose smut was revealed. 58 varieties of spring oats with resistance to the pathogen of 9—6 points were detected. 22 varieties are selected, which combine resistance with high yields. 5 varieties have been created: Decameron, Darunok, Dietuchnui, Dioscurii and Denka, which are in the Register of plant varieties of Ukraine, and received the “The Certificate of registration of the sample of the gene pool of plants in Ukraine” on 5 lines of oat: 467-15, 445-1791, 399-38, 477-5 and 493-27, which can be used as donors of resistance to disease.