Perspective on spin–orbit torque, topology, and reciprocal and real-space spin textures in magnetic materials and heterostructures

Abstract

In this Perspective, we present some important aspects of two fundamental concepts of modern spintronics, namely, spin–orbit torque and topology. Although these two fields emerged separately in condensed matter physics, in spintronics they show a deep connection, which requires further theoretical and experimental investigation. The topological features can arise both from momentum space via the wave functions as well as from real space via complex magnetic configurations. These features manifest themselves as unique aspects of different equilibrium and non-equilibrium properties. Physical interactions of such a topological origin can open new possibilities for more efficient mechanisms for manipulating magnetic order with electrical currents, which, in turn, can lead to faster and more efficient spintronics devices.