Abstract
We explore a possibility to detect dark components in the Universe via stimulated photon–photon collisions by focusing two-frequency coherent electromagnetic fields in a vacuum. Those fields are assumed to be pulsed reaching Fourier transform limits in near-infrared, THz, and GHz frequency bands, respectively. The numbers of signal photons as a result of exchange of a pseudoscalar-type pseudo Nambu–Goldstone boson have been evaluated in the individual frequency bands. Within presently available beam intensities, we found that the QCD axion scenarios are thoroughly testable in the mass range 10−6–100 eV based on the common method. Furthermore, we show a possibility to reach the weak coupling domain even beyond the gravitationally weak coupling strength if pulse compression in the GHz band is realized in the near future development.
Highlights
The current central dogma in particle and cosmology is that the vacuum, the invisible part of the Universe, has evolved through plural phase transitions
This point of view originates from the concept of spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB), which has been advocated by Nambu, who tried to apply the concept of the BCS theory to explain why π meson masses are so light compared to those of protons or neutrons. π mesons are understood as close to massless modes, pseudo Nambu–Goldstone bosons, as a result of spontaneous symmetry breaking in terms of chiral symmetry of quark condensate
The degree of pseudo Nambu–Goldstone bosons (pNGB) states are eaten by longitudinal modes of the massive gauge bosons, while a massive mode survives as a result of gauge symmetry breaking where the symmetry is hidden
Summary
The current central dogma in particle and cosmology is that the vacuum, the invisible part of the Universe, has evolved through plural phase transitions. As we discuss later, since we assume a short pulsed electromagnetic field reaching its Fourier transform limit, a pulsed beam must contain broad-band photons, that is, ω must fluctuate It is unavoidable for the CMS energy in QPS to fluctuate in principle due to momentum (incident angle) fluctuations and energy fluctuations simultaneously. In this case, the evaluation of the inducible momentum or angular range can be very much simplified because the azimuthal angles of the finalstate plane wave vectors are axially symmetric around the z-axis where the axial symmetry of the focused laser beams is maintained. We have already introduced W(QI ) in Equation (13) to Equation (4) as more realistic probability distribution functions based on the physical nature of propagating electromagnetic fields in order to effectively implement this averaging process
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