Perspective directions of conservative treatment of bitches with breast tumors (review information)

Abstract

The problem of treating tumors in dogs remains relevant due to the complexity of pathogenetic cascades, lack of common methodological approaches to diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients, insufficient number of animals in groups, the described nature of the results, incorrect "mechanical" borrowing of therapeutic protocols from human medicine. The proposed treatment regimens do not provide the desired results, there is a steady trend to increase the number of small pets with breast tumors. Therefore, it is important to find alternative treatments for dogs with breast neoplasms, among which, first of all, should be noted the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which cause a positive effect by inhibiting the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, activating apoptosis and inhibiting cancer cell migration. Potentially effective therapeutic methods are electroporation and electrochemotherapy, which can significantly increase the concentration of chemotherapeutic agents in cancer cells against the background of minimal toxicity to healthy tissues. The important role of hypercoagulation in the mechanisms of development and progression of breast tumors in dogs justifies the use of antithrombotic therapy in cancer patients, especially low molecular weight heparins, which can improve the effectiveness of therapeutic protocols and prevent tumor metastasis. It is shown that these methods as part of complex treatment regimens increase the effectiveness of conventional protocols of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, as well as surgery. However, further studies of the pathogenetic aspects of these treatments for breast tumors in bitches and the possibility of combining them with other therapeutic regimens are needed. Key words: bitches, breast neoplasms, treatment protocols, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, electroporation, antithrombotic therapy.