Personalized early diagnosis and prediction of the tuberculosis infection course in children identifying predictors of latent tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis

Abstract

The objective: to determine predictors of the development of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and tuberculosis in children and adolescents. Subjects and methods . A study was carried out, including testing induced IFN-y and assessment of genotypes of the polymorphic variant of IFNG gene (T-1488C) among 310 children under the age of 18. They included children ill with tuberculosis, infected with tuberculous mycobacteria (MTB) and not infected with MTB. Results . It was found that the main predictors of LTBI development were biomedical factors, for LTBI progression - social factors. The marker of the high risk to develop tuberculosis (OR = 4.667, 95% CI 1.24-17.62; p = 0.008) for both primary (47.5%) and secondary (65.0%) genesis of the disease and its unfavorable course is the heterozygous IFNG genotype (T-1488C). The probable risk of tuberculosis progression in this variant is found to be at the level of 74.07% (95% CI 63.54-82.43%). At the early stage, LTBI markers were specific proteins: ESAT6, Rv2660c. The ESAT6-CFP10 hybrid protein was identified as a marker of active tuberculosis infection.