Abstract
Studies of personality traits in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) indicate that there are five or six constructs—Sociability, Dominance, Neuroticism, Openness, and two related to Conscientiousness. The present study attempted to determine whether our earlier study of laboratory-housed individuals only yielded three—Dominance, Sociability, and Neuroticism—because of a low amount of between-subjects variance. To do so, we increased our sample size from 77 to 128. In addition, we ascertained the reliability and validity of ratings and whether polymorphisms related to the serotonin 1a receptor were associated with personality. We found Sociability, Dominance, and Negative Affect factors that resembled three domains found in previous studies, including ours. We also found an Openness and Impulsiveness factor, the latter of which bore some resemblance to Conscientiousness, and two higher-order factors, Pro-sociality and Boldness. In further analyses, we could not exclude the possibility that Pro-sociality and Boldness represented a higher-level of personality organization. Correlations between personality factors and well-being were consistent with the definitions of the factors. There were no significant associations between personality and genotype. These results suggest that common marmoset personality structure varies as a function of rearing or housing variables that have not yet been investigated systematically.
Highlights
Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) are small New-World monkeys that populate a wide range of habitats in South America [1,2]
For the present study we focused on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the serotonin receptor 1a gene
The reliabilities of individual ratings and of mean ratings for the items ‘anxious’, ‘persistent’, ‘quitting’, and ‘unperceptive’ were negative, and so we excluded these items from further analyses
Summary
Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) are small New-World monkeys that populate a wide range of habitats in South America [1,2]. Because of their size, fast life history, and other physical and physiological characteristics, common marmosets are an increasingly popular animal model in biomedical research [3], some [e.g., 4] have highlighted the shortcomings of marmoset models. Personality, subjective well-being, and the serotonin 1a receptor gene in common marmosets
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