Abstract
Substance use is a risk behavior that tends to increase during adolescence, a time when part of the personality is still in development. Traditionally, personality psychopathology has been measured in terms of categories, although dimensional models have demonstrated better consistency. This study aimed to analyze differences in personality profiles between adolescents with substance use disorders (SUD n = 74) and matched community controls (MCC n = 74) using the Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5) dimensional model. Additionally, we compared age at first drug use, level of drug use and internalizing and externalizing symptoms between the groups. In this study, the PSY-5 model has proved to be useful for differentiating specific personality disturbances in adolescents with SUD and community adolescents. The Disconstraint scale was particularly useful for discriminating adolescents with substance use problems and the Delinquent Attitudes facet offered the best differentiation.
Highlights
Substance use disorders (SUD) are complex entities with multiple biological and environmental risk factors and a wide range of clinical expressions (Hicks, Iacono & McGue, 2014)
Participants Substance use disorder (SUD) group The study was conducted in a Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department of a tertiary hospital in Spain
11 did not complete the assessment protocol and 9 were younger than the control group age range. This left a final group of 74 adolescents aged 15–18 years who met the criteria for SUD as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2002)
Summary
Substance use disorders (SUD) are complex entities with multiple biological and environmental risk factors and a wide range of clinical expressions (Hicks, Iacono & McGue, 2014). Their study requires detailed evaluation across several dimensions of substance use and related problems, in addition to an assessment of quantity and frequency of drug use (Kaminer, 2008). One of these dimensions is psychopathological personality traits. Many studies have identified behavioral disinhibition and emotional dysregulation as important factors in the etiology of SUD (Baker et al, 2004; Iacono, Malone & McGue, 2008; Tarter et al, 2003), and different personality traits predict distinct patterns of. Evidence demonstrates that personality traits can be used as endophenotypes of the risk for SUD, building a bridge between genes and SUD, allowing better understanding of which individual differences provide vulnerability (Belcher et al, 2014)
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