PERSONALITY PARTICULARITIES OF PERSONS WITH DRUG ADDICTION IN THE PROCESS OF RESOCIALIZATION

Abstract

The surveys on the epidemiology of drug addiction have shown that the number of people abusing substances, to which disease dependence may occur is constantly increasing. Lasting and more significant results for drug addiction limitation can be expected and gained only from the coordinated efforts of government bodies, society, family, school, and individuals. The resocialization of drug addicts is a process that helps them reintegrate into the social system. This requires a precise diagnosis of the causes that have led to detachment from the environment (family, friendship, professional), to understand the individual characteristics of the persons themselves, to select communication-specific and therapeutic support measures, specific to the given personality. The paper discusses the socio-psychological approaches for resocialization of persons with drug addiction. The aim of the study is to determine the influence of personality peculiarities of the drug addicts on their motivation for resocialization. The study involved 20 drug addicts aged 19-27 years included in the methadone program, psychotherapeutic procedures for drug withdrawal in the Military Medical Academy, Sofia. Methods: documentary method – studied are national and European documents, as well as scientific literature on the research topic; sociological method - standardized interview; multi-factor personal questionnaire - Mini Mult for express diagnosis of the personality type in screening studies on MMPI scales; statistical methods. Results: Characteristic for the studied drug addicts are hysteria (70%), followed by the occurrence of schizoidia (65%) and the same proportion of manifestations of psychopathy and hypomania (55%). Hypochondriacal attitudes (0%) were not noted in the respondents. Only 10% of them have a tendency to depression and 40% have psychotic disorders. 70% of the surveyed have marked behavioral abnormalities. The high values on the “hysteria” and “psychopathy” scale create a "favorable protective" factor - a certain power of the self and an interest to social groups. From the results of the interview conducted with regard to the motivation for resocialization of the drug addicts it is noticeable that most of the respondents (92,8%) want and try to overcome the difficulties that their dependency creates. This is a good motivational precondition for resocialization. Two-thirds of respondents noted a significant striving for a positive personal change and efforts to overcome dependence. Resocialization is a process that, depending on the individual's circumstances and personality particularities, takes place at a different intensity and in too long time limits. It depends on both the good will and the moral attitude of the individual, as well as on the empathic understanding, the support of the family, friends, the environment and the institutions that have a significant role in the process of resocialization.