Abstract
ABSTRACTPurpose:Toilet training (TT) is an important marker in a child's physical and psychosocial development. The present study aimed to evaluate aspects associated to delayed TT.Material and Methods:We interviewed 372 parents of children who had completed TT up to 48 months before the interview. The questionnaires were applied at school exits when parents went to pick their children up and at public parks. Questions included demographics, aspects related to TT, dysfunction voiding symptom score and evaluation of constipation.Results:The interviews were performed at a mean of 15.3±10.4 (0 to 47) months after the end of TT. Girls accounted for 53% of the sample. The mean age at finishing TT was 31.6±9.3 months and similar in both genders (p=0.77). TT occurred before school entry in 45.7% of the children and medical advice for TT was sought only by 4.8% of the parents. No association was observed of age at completing TT and presence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) (p=0.57) and/or constipation (p=0.98). In the univariate analysis, prematurity (OR=2.7 [95% CI 2.3-3.1], p <0.0001) and mothers who work outside their household (OR=1.8 [95% CI 1.4-2.3], p <0.0001) were associated to delayed TT.Conclusion:Children completed TT at a mean of 2 years and 7 months of age. The age of completing TT was not related to LUTS and/or constipation. Premature children and those whose mothers work outside the home finish TT later.
Highlights
Toilet training (TT) is defined as the ability to independently start and complete micturition and defecation
Children whose parents refused to participate, presenting any urogenital disorder, who were using any medications or presented with any disease known to interfere on bladder or bowel function, severe intellectual or motor disability, and those who had not finished TT were not included in the study
No differences were found between TT for bowel and bladder according to gender or type of TT (Table-2)
Summary
Toilet training (TT) is defined as the ability to independently start and complete micturition and defecation. It is an important marker in a child’s normal development, being a challenging process for the children and for their parents. Data on acquisition of bladder and bowel control is conflicting with studies showing no differences between genders, and others demonstrating an earlier control in girls [4,5,6]. In many occasions, occurs at the same time as bowel control. Accomplishing nighttime urinary continence may occur at the same time as daytime continence or be several months delayed [4,5,6,7,8]
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Schedule a callMore From: International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of Urology
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