Persistence of Dengue Virus (DENV-1, 2, 3,4) Transovarial-Transgenerational with Realtime Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) in Ae. Aegypti and Ae. Albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Isna Hikmawati,Soeharyo Hadisaputro,Hendro Wahjono,Martini Martini,Kisdjamiatun Retna Mustika Djati,Edi Darmana ,Sugeng Juwono Mardihusodo

doi:10.31579/2642-9756/090

Abstract

Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus have an important role in DHF transmission because they can simultaneously transmit the dengue virus vertically / transovarially or horizontally. This phenomenon indicates the persistence of the dengue virus by vectors. The aim of this research was to prove the persistence of the transovarial-transgenerational dengue virus (DENV-1,2,3,4) with real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae). Quasi experimental design with intervention infects DENV 1-2-3-4 serotypes in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus intratoracally. Research population Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus laboratory colony females. Dengue virus detection uses real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Transovarial detection by qPCR indicates detection of dengue virus in Ae. albopictus DENV-1 to progeny 1 (F1), DENV-2 and DENV-3 to F2, DENV-4 to F3. Next to Ae. aegypti DENV-1 to 1st progeny (F1), DENV-2 to F2, DENV-3 to F4 and DENV-4 to F3. there was no difference in MIR value (p value: 0.356) for the four serotypes in Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti. DENV-3 is the most persistent serotype in Ae. aegypti with 83.3% MIR and DENV-4 were the most persistent serotypes in Ae.albopictus with 100% MIR. The need to improve vector control models that focus not only on the main vector, but also other co-vectors.

Highlights

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV)
DENV is a single-stranded RNA virus consisting of four different serotypes namely DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 belonging to the Flavivirus Genus, Family Flaviviridae
The results of this study found the transovarial infection of the dengue virus was 47.9% by DENV-4, 13.4% by DENV-3, 5% by DENV1, 3.4% by DENV-2 and overall as much as 30.3. % contains all of these serotypes

Summary

Introduction

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus (DENV). DHF is a big problem in Southeast Asia, because during that period there were 67,295 deaths from a total of 68,977 deaths worldwide. This means that an average of 1682 deaths occurs / year due to dengue fever. [1] DHF mostly occurs in tropical and sub-tropical areas, with the main vector being the mosquito Aedes aegypti and its co vector Aedes albopictus. [3] DHF vectors and diseases are concentrated in tropical and sub-tropical areas, the spread of vectors and the increase in the movement of the mosquito population causes the virus to become endemic in temperate regions. This means that an average of 1682 deaths occurs / year due to dengue fever. [1] DHF mostly occurs in tropical and sub-tropical areas, with the main vector being the mosquito Aedes aegypti and its co vector Aedes albopictus. [3] DHF vectors and diseases are concentrated in tropical and sub-tropical areas, the spread of vectors and the increase in the movement of the mosquito population causes the virus to become endemic in temperate regions. [4] The results of the study by Hu, et al showed that there were differences in the incidence of dengue based on geographic area characteristics and the incidence was more in the tropics. [5]Globalization, trade, urbanization, travel, demographic changes, inadequate domestic water supplies and warming temperatures are all associated with the spread of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. [6]

Objectives

Methods

Findings

Discussion

Conclusion