Abstract
A study was conducted to evaluate the persistence of insecticidal effects of some of botanicals and application on adult parent mortality of maize weevil in infested maize grain. Seven botanicals ( Azadirachta indica (neem), Melia azedarach (melia), Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium), Calpurnia aurea (calpurnia), Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf), Carica papaya (papaya) and Dichrocephala integrifolia ) were tested each at three different rates viz, 2.5, 5 and 10% w/w. Malathion 5% dust at 0.05% as standard check and untreated check were included for comparison. Twenty unsexed adult weevils were re introduced to treated maize grains at 90 DAT and parent mortality was recorded at 93, 100, 107, 114, and 121 DAT. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) in factorial arrangement and replicated four times. The result showed that A. indica , M. azedarach and D. integrifolia at all rates caused equal cumulative mortality (100%) with the synthetic insecticide, but the time required to totally kill the insects varied. All treatments caused significantly higher mortality than the untreated check after four months of storage. DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/11-2-04 Publication date: January 31 st 2021
Highlights
Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most important cereal crop in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and an important staple food for more than 1.2 billion people in SSA and Latin America (IITA, 2009)
Following 114 DAT the highest (100%) mortality was observed in D. integrifolia at 2.5% and 5% w/w while the mortality recorded in the untreated check was 0% (Table 5)
Significant differences in the percentage of damaged grains and grain weight losses were noted among the botanicals
Summary
Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most important cereal crop in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and an important staple food for more than 1.2 billion people in SSA and Latin America (IITA, 2009). The major insect pests of stored maize are the maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.), the Angoumois grain moth (Sitotroga cerealella Olivier), the larger grain borer (Prostephanus truncatus Horn), the tropical warehouse moth (Ephestia cautella Hubner), Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella Hubner), flour beetles (Tribolium spp.), and Cryptolestes spp. and etc. Some of these insects infest the ripening maize crop before harvest and at storage, and multiply further during storage (Abraham, 1991). Undertaken with the objective of evaluating persistence efficacy of some of the locally available plants and their effective doses in reducing the adult parent mortality after 3months of application
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