Abstract
<p><em>In Syria, there are no effective chemicals management programmes including any estimation and assessment programmes to screen organic chemicals for bioaccumulation potential from regulatory and resource implications are conducted yet. An important issue of excessive organic hazardous substances exposure of inhabitants living in Barada basin (Southwest) was not investigated. Among these danger substances, </em><em>P</em><em>ersistent </em><em>O</em><em>rganic </em><em>P</em><em>ollutants (POPs) have specific properties make them possible linger in soil and water for so many years. Considering the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) and enabling activities for the Stockholm convention on POPs related to the national implementation plan for Syria, the current paper presents the results of the analysis of the persistence of chemicals in surface water and ground water samples gathered from different locations in this basin. The study was conducted in 2007-2008, the biodegradability under laboratory and filed conditions were assessed, half</em><em>?</em><em>lives of priority pollutants were predicted, and data were monitored and compared. The level of POPs in a larger percentage of the samples exceeded guidelines which results a call for additional protective measures for a sustainable water management for producing clean water involving reduction strategies to mitigate the POPs concentrations in the indoor environment of Barada, and safely destroy them.</em><em></em></p>
Highlights
1.1 Legislations and Regulations to Control Hazardous Materials The widespread presence of hazardous chemical substances has recently led to the preparation and adoption of legislative measures in order to protect man and the environment against their adverse effects (Collins et al, 2016)
Field data for organic compounds detected in surface water and ground water in Syria will be discussed and compared with some relevant data from the literature relating to laboratory testing
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) compounds as pesticide grade n-hexane dichloromethane, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetone, cyclohexane, as well as silica gel were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Buchs, Switzerland)
Summary
1.1 Legislations and Regulations to Control Hazardous Materials The widespread presence of hazardous chemical substances has recently led to the preparation and adoption of legislative measures in order to protect man and the environment against their adverse effects (Collins et al, 2016). The essential factors in the relationship on which those regulations are based on are (Figure 1): (1) The quantity of the chemical available for organisms, and (2) The nature and severity of biological effects. One is based on selecting those chemicals which are produced in the largest quantities. The other selects those compounds which are already known or which can be shown to exert acute or chronic toxic effects. Data on bioaccumulation are even scarcer but methodologies to estimate the potential bioaccumulation have been developed quite successfully (Costanza et al, 2012)
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