Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B; 280-315 nm)-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) were extracted and purified from a marine red alga Bryocladia sp. by using high performance liquid chromatography. We have detected four MAAs having retention times 3.23, 2.94, 3.56 and 2.67 min with absorbance maxima (λmax) at 323, 328, 335 and 340 nm respectively. The effect of UV-B on the induction of these MAAs was studied. In comparison to control, there was 3 - 22 % induction of MAAs after 12 and 24 h of UV-B exposure. Apart from MAAs, other pigments such as chl a, carotenoids and total proteins were inversely affected by UV-B irradiation. In addition, peroxide scavenging potential of these MAAs were also investigated. With 2 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration, only <5 % of MAAs were found to be affected. However, with the increased H2O2, 40-60 % decline in the MAAs concentration with a corresponding peak shifting towards the blue wavelength was recorded. In addition, most of the MAAs were found to be reacting slowly with increasing H2O2 (upto 10 mM) concentration after an incubation period of 5 and 30 min, which indicates the remarkable scavenging potential and stability of MAAs against oxidative stress. Thus, the isolated MAAs from marine red alga Bryocladia sp. may act as an efficient peroxide scavenger.
Highlights
Earth’s atmosphere is surrounded by ozone layer in the stratosphere, which absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation to protect the living beings (Lee and Shiu, 2009)
HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY ANALYSIS OF mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) Mycosporine-like amino acids were extracted in Mili Q water and purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
It has been reported that UV-B radiation promotes oxidative damage due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside the cells of several algae, cyanobacteria and plants (Rijstenbil, 2002; Shiu and Lee, 2005)
Summary
Earth’s atmosphere is surrounded by ozone layer in the stratosphere, which absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation to protect the living beings (Lee and Shiu, 2009). Ambient UV-B radiation is more harmful at low altitude sea level due to high solar angle and reduction in the thickness of ozone layer which penetrates deeper water column of sea (Lee and Shiu, 2009). These assumptions suggest that tropical regions of the world face higher impact of UV-B radiation as compared to the polar and temperate region (Häder, 1993). UV-B radiation has been reported to have the negative impact on the life forms of terrestrial (Ballaré et al, 2011) as well as aquatic ecosystems including photosynthetic cyanobacteria, algae and phytoplankton (Häder et al, 2011)
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