Perovskite solar cells for roll-to-roll fabrication

Ashraf Uddin,Mushfika Baishakhi Upama,Faiazul Haque,Kah Howe Chan,Matthew Wright,Dian Wang,Cheng Xu,Naveen Kumar Elumalai,Md Arafat Mahmud

doi:10.1051/rees/2017019

Ashraf Uddin, Mushfika Baishakhi Upama + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/rees/2017019

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Abstract

Perovskite solar cell (PSCs) is considered as the game changer in emerging photovoltaics technology. The highest certified efficiency is 22% with high temperature processed (∼500 °C) TiO2 based electron transport layer (ETL). High temperature process is a rudimentary hindrance towards roll-to-roll processing of PSCs on flexible substrates. Low temperature solution process ( . The mixed organic perovskite (MA0.6 FA0.4 PbI3 ) devices with Al doped ZnO (AZO) ETL demonstrate average cell efficiency over 16%, which is the highest ever reported efficiency for this device configuration. The energy level alignment and related interfacial charge transport dynamics at the interface of ZnO and perovskite films and the adjacent charge transport layers are investigated. Significantly improved device stability, hysteresis free device photocurrent have been observed in MA0.6 FA0.4 PbI3 cells. A systematic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, frequency dependent capacitance spectra, surface morphology and topography characterization have been conducted to understand the role of interfacial electronic properties between perovskite and neighbouring layers in perovskite device. A standardized degradation study, interfacial electronic property and capacitive spectra analysis of aged device, have been measured to understand the enhanced device stability in mixed MA0.6 FA0.4 PbI3 cells. Slow perovskite material decomposition rate and augmented device lifetime with AZO based devices have been found to be correlated with the more hydrophobic and acidic nature of AZO surface compared to pristine ZnO film.

Highlights

Organic–inorganic hybrid solar cells using metal-halide perovskites such as methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) as light harvesters exhibit several appealing features such as high optical cross section, excellent ambipolar charge transport, small exciton binding energy, tunable band gaps, and low-cost fabrication [1]
The MA0.6FA0.4PbI3 perovskite film was deposited on top of both Zinc oxide (ZnO) and Al doped ZnO (AZO) films in an identical way using two step dipping method
It was confirmed from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of MA0.6FA0.4PbI3 perovskite film that the formations of mixed organic cation perovskite in which both MAI and FAI organic cations have been incorporated in the same lattice frame [9]

Summary

Introduction

Organic–inorganic hybrid solar cells using metal-halide perovskites such as methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) as light harvesters exhibit several appealing features such as high optical cross section, excellent ambipolar charge transport, small exciton binding energy, tunable band gaps, and low-cost fabrication [1]. The CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are solution-processable, which is beneficial to inexpensive largescale commercialization. The highest efficient cells 22% was fabricated with high temperature processed (∼500 °C) TiO2 based electron transport layer (ETL). It is very important to develop a low temperature process technology (

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