Permutation interpretation of quantum mechanics

Abstract

We analyse quantum concepts in a constructive finite background. Introduction of continuum or other actual infinities into physics leads to non-constructivity without any need for them in description of empirical observations. We argue that quantum behavior is a natural consequence of symmetries of dynamical systems. It is a result of fundamental impossibility to trace identity of indistinguishable objects in their evolution — only information about invariant combinations of such objects is available. General mathematical arguments imply that any quantum dynamics can be reduced to a sequence of permutations. Quantum phenomena, such as interferences, arise in invariant subspaces of permutation representations of the symmetry group of a system. Observable quantities can be expressed in terms of the permutation invariants. We demonstrate that for description of quantum phenomena there is no need to use such non-constructive number system as complex numbers. It is sufficient to employ the cyclotomic numbers — a minimal extension of the natural numbers which is suitable for quantum mechanics.