Abstract
Surface oxidation of bacterial cellulose (BC) was done with the TEMPO-mediated oxidation mechanism system. After that, TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose (TOBC) was impregnated with silver sulfadiazine (AgSD) to prepare nanocomposite membranes. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was carried out to determine the existence of aldehyde groups on BC nanofibers and X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated the degree of crystallinity. FESEM analysis revealed the impregnation of AgSD nanoparticles at TOBC nanocomposites with the average diameter size ranging from 11 nm to 17.5 nm. The sample OBCS3 showed higher antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli by the disc diffusion method. The results showed AgSD content, dependent antibacterial activity against all tested bacteria, and degree of crystallinity increases with TOBC and AgSD. The main advantage of the applications of TEMPO-mediated oxidation to BC nanofibers is that the crystallinity of BC nanofibers is unchanged and increased after the oxidation. Also enhanced the reactivity of BC as it is one of the most promising method for cellulose fabrication and functionalization. We believe that the novel composite membrane could be a potential candidate for biomedical applications like wound dressing, BC scaffold, and tissue engineering.
Highlights
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is one of the most promising biopolymers due to its environmentally friendly nature (Shao et al, 2017), which can be used for treatment of various bacterial infections after chemical modification (Zmejkoski et al, 2018)
TEMPO oxidation enhances the reactivity of BC due to which the silver nanocomposites showed excellent antibacterial activity because the extensive surface morphology provides better contact with microorganisms (Tacic et al, 2017)
TEMPO oxidation pertains to mechanical properties and reactivity to BC, while silver sulfadiazine (AgSD) makes it antibacterial
Summary
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is one of the most promising biopolymers due to its environmentally friendly nature (Shao et al, 2017), which can be used for treatment of various bacterial infections after chemical modification (Zmejkoski et al, 2018). Bacterial infections being a chief health hazard necessitates antibacterial strategies, among which antibiotics are the most frequently used treatment (Percival et al, 2015; Qian et al, 2017). In spite of the several advantages, the significant drawback of the BC is that it lacks antibacterial property (Sulaeva et al, 2015). Various treatments can be used to improve the properties of BC
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