Peritonitis as the Cause of Death of CAPD Patients at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang 2014-2020

Abstract

Background: Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) is an effective modality of renal replacement therapy in patients with kidney failure. Peritonitis associated with peritoneal dialysis remains a significant challenge and complication to success long-term peritoneal dialysis. Aim: This study aims to report the peritonitis as a cause of death of CAPD patients for six years in end-stage renal failure (ESRD) patients at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted involving 40 patients with end-stage renal failure who underwent CAPD therapy with peritonitis as the cause of patient mortality by taking data from the CAPD Center medical record at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar from August 2014 to July 2020. Results: From 674 end-stage renal failure patients who underwent CAPD, 248 patients (36.8%) died, and 426 patients (63.2%) survived to 5 years. CAPD peritonitis is the second most common cause of 40 (16.1%) mortality cases after cardiovascular disease. The most common bacteria causing CAPD peritonitis was coagulate-negative Staphylococcus, with as many as 15 (37.5%) cases. Conclusion: the most common cause of mortality was Staphylococcus coagulase-negative (37.5 %,), a bacteria that come from touch contamination or infection at the exit site. So that patients and caregivers must be trained to carry out proper exit-site, and it is essential to maintain good hand hygiene before performing exit-site. Appropriate prevention and management of peritonitis are critical to patients' long-term success on peritoneal dialysis.