Abstract
Among the neurological complications that occurred during Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, peripheral facial paresis is one of the conditions that can occur both during and after the Severe Acute Respiratory Tract Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection period. We present the case of a young man, aged 29 years, who presented the appearance of a peripheral facial paresis on the 14th day after the onset of symptoms, isolation and PCR detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patient was evaluated clinically, neurologically, underwent laboratory tests, EKG, chest Radiography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)/Magnetic resonance Angiography (MRA) and received corticotherapy, gastric antisecretory medication, antiviral medication, vitamin B group, neurotrophic medication and facial gymnastics, with good evolution and complete remission of clinical symptoms after 21 days. It is particularly important to carefully evaluate patients during the isolation period, symptomatic/asymptomatic for COVID-19 infection, as a possible complication could be peripheral facial paresis, which is why, we should evaluate, detect and treat early to reduce any persistent long-term neurological effects. Future studies are needed to identify and correlate peripheral facial paresis with SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as to detect the causes of neurological complications during or after COVID-19 infection.
Highlights
Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory tract syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-Corona Viruses (CoV)-2), and respiratory symptoms are the main clinical features [1,2]
The neurological complications of COVID-19 are rarely described, recent work has shown damage to the nervous system, with several neurological symptoms and complications related to this infection including headache, dizziness, encephalopathy, anosmia, ageusia, encephalitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, myelitis as well as cerebrovascular complications, which can occur in a significant proportion of patients [4,5,6]
In 2020, two articles were published in which an asymptomatic case of COVID-19 pneumonia complicated by acute cerebral infarction and Journal of Neurology and Neurobiology Open Access Journal another case of COVID-19 pneumonia complicated by encephalitis were, respectively, reported [3,12]. These cases have suggested that COVID-19 may develop, neurological symptoms, initially or during the infection, especially in patients with asymptomatic or mild infection [3,12]. In this case we report a patient diagnosed with moderate symptoms of COVID-19 complicated by Bell’s palsy started on the 14th day after the onset of SARS-CoV-2 infection
Summary
Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory tract syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and respiratory symptoms are the main clinical features [1,2]. The patient initially showed an accentuated state of fatigue, followed by the second day of infection of muscular pains, especially at the level of the upper limbs, and from the third day he presented the loss of smell and taste In association, he presented a mild state of anxiety caused by the patient’s report of SARSCoV-2 infection and the uncertainty of the evolution of his health during that period. On December 3, 2020, due to the persistence of right temporo-parietal headache, in addition to the symptoms of peripheral facial paresis and lack of smell, it was decided to perform a Contrast-Enhanced (CE) MRI and MRA that shows normal intracerebral and extracerebral fluid spaces. With the remission of COVID-19 symptoms and peripheral facial paresis, the patient’s state of anxiety was remitted
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