Abstract
Periorbital hyperpigmentation, also referring as dark circles or periorbital melanosis, is not a medical problem but can be a significant cosmetic concern for a large number of individuals and they try to find a treatment for this condition. This condition affects individuals in a wide range of ages, both sexes and all races. The therapeutic approach must vary with cause as it is multifactorial. Possible causes include excessive pigmentation, volume loss, skin laxity, tear trough, increased prominence and density of subcutaneous vasculature and orbital structural problem. Treatment modalities include topical bleaching agents, chemical peeling, and lasers, injectable fillers, fat transfer, high intensity focused ultrasound and surgery as monotherapy or in combination therapy to target the contributing factors of periorbital hyperpigmentation.
Highlights
Periorbital hyperpigmenta on (POH) is a common dermatological condi on, which is known as periorbital melanosis, periocular hyperpigmenta on, dark circles under the eyes (DC), infraorbital discolora on, infraorbital darkening, or idiopathic cutaneous hyperchromia of the orbital region.[1,2]
The diagnosis of periorbital hyperpigmenta on is mainly clinically, a thorough history and clinical assessment is necessary to iden fy the contribu ng e ologic factors and provide the targe ng therapies for an individual pa ent of POH
The pa ent must be examined under the direct light to iden fy the POH due to shadow effect
Summary
Periorbital hyperpigmenta on (POH) is a common dermatological condi on, which is known as periorbital melanosis, periocular hyperpigmenta on, dark circles under the eyes (DC), infraorbital discolora on, infraorbital darkening, or idiopathic cutaneous hyperchromia of the orbital region.[1,2] It presents as bilateral, homogeneous hyperchromic macules and patches primarily involving the lower eyelids and some mes extending towards the upper eyelids, eyebrows, malar regions, temporal regions and lateral nasal root.[3]. Females are frequently affected by POH because of either of the two reasons:1) More cosme cally concern and 2) Greater dermal vessels conges on and stasis related extravasa on during menstrual cycles. POH is a condi on that does not cause morbidity but it makes the individuals look red, sad, or hung over.[1] There is popular demand for treatment of POH which is judged by the amount of adver sing of cosme cs Despite pa ents with POH o en seen by the dermatologists, there is not much a en on received in the dermatology literature. The aim of the review is to highlight the clinical approach to a case of POH for the management
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