Perioperative treatment and protection in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effect of perioperative treatment and protection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture by percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). Methods From February 2010 to December 2015, 206 cases with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture treated by PKP were admitted, including 13 HIV infected patients. Blood routine, biochemical indexes, liver and kidney function, blood coagulation function, immune index and preoperative nutritional status were detected before operation. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), reasonable antibiotics, nutritional and immune support were given to the HIV infected patients. Standardized operation process and meticulous operative manipulation were applied during operation. The prevention of occupational exposure protection standardization process was strictly enforced. The postoperative complications, improvement of immune function and nutritional status, vertebral height, VAS, ODI and exposure occupation of medical personnel were observed. Results All 13 HIV infected patients had successful operations, without bone cement leakage and toxic reaction. One patient had perficial infection and the others had operative incisionprimary healing. There was no death. The levels of vertebral height, VAS scores and ODI scores were significantly improved after intervention and at the end of follow-up (P 0.05). Eleven malnutrition patients with HIV infected were received nutritional and immune support, and the levels of CD4+, ALB and Hb were significantly improved: (289.00 ± 54.29) × 106/L vs. (237.25 ± 72.70) × 106/L, (38.04 ± 5.17) g/L vs. (33.73 ± 7.16) g/L, (112.87 ± 15.54) g/L vs. (100.68 ± 18.95) g/L, P 0.05). Two medical personnel had occupational exposure, and none had HIV infection. Conclusions Perioperative adjuvant treatment in HIV infected patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture can achieve satisfactory outcomes. Strict implementation of protective standardization process should be focused. Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus; Osteoporosis; Vertebral compression fracture; Perioperative treatment; Occupational exposure; Protection