Perioperative Evaluation of Arterial and Venous Whole Blood in the Lamb (Ovis aries) Fontan Model.

Abstract

Whole blood analysis can evaluate numerous parameters, including pH, pCO₂, pO₂, HCO₃-, base excess, glucose, electrolytes, lactate, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, bilirubin, and hemoglobin. This valuable tool enables clinicians to make more informed decisions about patient care. However, the current body of literature describing perioperative whole blood analysis in Dorset sheep (Ovis aries) is small, so clinicians lack adequate information to guide their decision-making when evaluating test results. We evaluated arterial and venous whole blood pH, bicarbonate, pCO₂, lactate, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen before and for the first 24 hours after surgery in 2 cohorts of male and female Ovis aries undergoing one of 2 major cardiovascular procedures, a Single-Stage Fontan or an inferior vena cava to pulmonary artery extracardiac conduit implantation (IP-ECC). The cohort undergoing a Single-Stage Fontan, which is the more complex procedure, exhibited greater deviation from baseline measurements than did the cohort undergoing the IP-ECC for lactate, bicarbonate, and creatinine. The cohort undergoing the IP-ECC showed no significant deviation from baseline for any parameters, potentially indicating a better safety margin than expected when compared with the Single-Stage Fontan. Together, these results indicate the clinical value of arterial and venous whole blood measurements in perioperative management of sheep and can provide a reference for clinicians managing sheep after significant cardiovascular procedures.