Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether periodontal status is related to a decline in lung function in a general Japanese population. We followed a total of 1,650 community-dwelling individuals (≥40 years) without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with at least one teeth, for 3 years. Periodontal status was assessed at baseline by clinical attachment loss (CAL) and probing pocket depth (PPD) at two sites for each tooth, and the mean values were calculated for each subject. Lung function was measured at baseline and follow-up using spirometry, and longitudinal decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was calculated. Multivariate Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to estimate risk ratio (RR). After adjusting for potential confounders including smoking status, there was a tendency for the adjusted RR of developing rapid lung function decline (≥160 mL/3years, the highest quartile of the distribution of FEV1 declines) to increase as mean CAL levels increased (P trend = 0.039). Likewise, a positive association was observed between mean PPD levels and RR of developing rapid lung function decline (P trend = 0.047). Our findings suggest deterioration of periodontal status could be a risk factor for rapid lung function decline in the general Japanese population.
Highlights
This study aimed to determine whether periodontal status is related to a decline in lung function in a general Japanese population
The characteristics of the study population enrolled from 2012 to 2015 according to mean clinical attachment loss (CAL) and mean probing pocket depth (PPD) levels are shown in Table 1 and Table 2
In the multiple linear regression models, a one unit increase in mean CAL and mean PPD was associated with a 11.22 and 15.88 mL/3years increase in the decline in FEV1 over a 3-year period (Table 5). In this prospective cohort study among a general population of Japanese adults, we demonstrated a clear relationship between periodontal status and risk of developing a rapid decline in FEV1, indicating that participants with higher mean CAL and PPD levels were at increased risk of onset of rapid FEV1 decline
Summary
This study aimed to determine whether periodontal status is related to a decline in lung function in a general Japanese population. Our findings suggest deterioration of periodontal status could be a risk factor for rapid lung function decline in the general Japanese population. COPD has been considered a consequence of rapid decline in lung function during adulthood, as assessed by forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)[6,7]. Intensive research is needed to identify risk factors for rapid lung function decline, with obvious implications for preventive measures to decrease the burden of COPD on health systems. We investigated whether periodontal status is related to decline in FEV1 over time by targeting a general adult population including older adults in Japan
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