Periodontal inflamed surface area is associated with hs-CRP in septuagenarian Japanese adults in cross-sectional findings from the SONIC study

Koji Miki,Masahide Takedachi,Kodai Hatta,Yasushi Takeya,Kōichi Yamamoto ,Toyomi Takahashi ,Chiharu Fujihara,Kei Kamide,Tomoaki Iwayama,Kazunori Ikebe,Yoichiro Kashiwagi,Yuki Murotani,Masahiro Kitamura,Hiromi Rakugi,Masaru Yamashita ,Hiroshi Akasaka,Mai Kabayama,Tomoyoshi Nozaki ,Ken Sugimoto,Yoichi Takami,Yasuyuki Gondo,Tatsuro Ishizaki,Yukie Masui,Hiroki Sato ,Shinya Murakami

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-93872-8

Abstract

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects various peripheral organs. The periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) quantifies periodontitis severity and the spread of inflammatory wounds. This study aimed to investigate the association between PISA and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a systemic inflammation marker. This study included 250 community-dwelling septuagenarians (69–71 years). We collected information on their medical (e.g., diabetes and dyslipidemia) and dental examinations (e.g., measurement of the probing pocket depth). Generalized linear model analysis was used to explore the association between PISA and hs-CRP levels. There was a significant difference in hs-CRP levels between groups with PISA ≥ 500 and < 500 (p = 0.017). Moreover, the generalized linear model analysis revealed a significant association between PISA and hs-CRP levels (risk ratio = 1.77; p = 0.033) even after adjusting other factors. Further, we found a correlation between PISA and hs-CRP (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, rs = 0.181; p = 0.023). Our findings suggest that PISA is an effective index for estimating the effect of periodontitis on the whole body, enabling medical-dental cooperation.

Highlights

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects various peripheral organs
This study found a significant association between periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) and highsensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-C-reactive protein (CRP)) in community-dwelling septuagenarians
We believe that this study yielded higher evidence because it is based on a real population of 70-year-olds living in the community, rather than an age-adjusted multiple regression analysis that showed a significant association with CRP

Summary

Introduction

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects various peripheral organs. The generalized linear model analysis revealed a significant association between PISA and hs-CRP levels (risk ratio = 1.77; p = 0.033) even after adjusting other factors. An ulcer surface is formed on the inner surface of the periodontal pocket by disrupting the continuity of epithelial cells, which results in easy bleeding. This indicates that a mild chronic inflammatory condition persists throughout the body, not just in the periodontal tissue. The periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) reflects the surface area of the bleeding pocket epithelium in square millimeters It is measured using conventional clinical parameters of periodontal tissue status, BOP combined with either periodontal pocket depth (PPD) or clinical attachment loss and gingival recession[14]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion