Abstract
Rationale and objectivesThe oral cavity is united with the airways, and thus poor oral health may affect respiratory health. However, data on the interaction of periodontal and respiratory health is limited. We aimed to evaluate whether periodontal health status, assessed by the Community Periodontal Index (CPI), was related to lung function among young and middle-aged adults in two Norwegian cohorts.MethodsPeriodontal health status and lung function were measured among 656 participants in the Norwegian part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECHRS III) and the RHINESSA offspring study. Each participant was given a CPI-index from 0 to 4 where higher values reflect poorer periodontal status. The association between CPI and lung function was estimated with linear regression adjusting for age, gender, smoking, body mass index, exercise, education, use of antibiotics, inhaled medication and corrected for clustering within families.Main resultsParticipants with CPI 3–4 had significantly lower FEV1/FVC ratio compared to participants with CPI 0, b (95% CI) = -0.032 (-0.055, -0.009). Poorer periodontal health was associated with a significant decrease in the FEV1/FVC ratio with an adjusted regression coefficient for linear trend b (95% CI) = -0.009 (-0.015, -0.004) per unit increase in CPI. This negative association remained when excluding asthmatics and smokers (-0.014 (-0.022, -0,006)).ConclusionsPoorer periodontal health was associated with increasing airways obstruction in a relatively young, healthy population. The oral cavity is united with the airways and our findings indicate an opportunity to influence respiratory health by improving oral health.
Highlights
Poor periodontal health has been linked to many systemic conditions, including diabetes, cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases [1,2,3]
The oral cavity is united with the airways and our findings indicate an opportunity to influence respiratory health by improving oral health
We aimed to evaluate whether periodontal health status, assessed with the Community Periodontal Index (CPI), was related to lung function among relatively young Norwegian adults from a general population sample
Summary
Poor periodontal health has been linked to many systemic conditions, including diabetes, cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases [1,2,3]. Results from one intervention study and one randomized controlled trial, both on COPD patients with chronic periodontitis, found that periodontal therapy decreased exacerbation frequency [14, 15] and improved lung function [15]. These patients may suffer from periodontitis caused or aggravated by their COPD condition [16], and findings based on studies on patients with severe periodontitis are difficult to apply to the general population. The association of periodontal health with lung function in the general population is not well known
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