Abstract
Alveolar boundaries dictate the limitations of orthodontic tooth movement. Evaluation of the hard and soft tissues in terms of quality and quantity in conjunction with a sound orthodontic treatment plan that includes the amount and direction of desired tooth movement is essential. Prophylactic intervention may be required to support orthodontic goals and objectives without undesired iatrogenic periodontal consequences. The purpose of this article is to provide a review on current methods utilized for augmentation procedures prior to orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic treatment can have a significant impact on periodontal health. Increased demands by patients for non-extraction treatment and for camouflaged treatment of skeletal discrepancies to avoid orthognathic surgery can place challenges on orthodontists. Dental arch expansion and placing teeth beyond biologically acceptable limits can result in unfavorable periodontal outcomes, such as the development of fenestrations and dehiscences. Phenotype modification therapy via soft and/or hard tissue augmentation may expand the range of orthodontic movement without the risk of undesired periodontal outcomes during orthodontic treatment.
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