Periodontal Disease and Tooth Loss Are Associated with Lung Cancer Risk.

Cong-cong Wu,Bao-ling Zhu,You Chen,Xi Zhang,Rui-fang Lin

doi:10.1155/2020/5107696

Abstract

Background The associations between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and lung cancer risk remain debatable. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to evaluate whether periodontal disease and tooth loss are associated with lung cancer risk. Methods A literature search was performed for relevant studies using PubMed and Embase databases. Risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied as effect size to summarize the associations between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and lung cancer risk. A further dose-response analysis was also performed. Results A total of twelve studies comprising 263,238 participants were included. The results indicated that periodontal disease was positively associated with lung cancer risk (RR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.16‐1.63). There was a positive association between tooth loss and lung cancer risk (RR = 1.69, 95%CI = 1.46‐1.96). Moreover, there was a significantly linear dose-response relationship between tooth loss and lung cancer risk, and every 5 increment in tooth loss was associated with 10% increased lung cancer risk. Similar results were obtained in subgroup analysis. Conclusions Periodontal disease and tooth loss are increased risk factors for lung cancer. Prevention and treatment of periodontal disease may be effective potential prevention strategies for lung cancer.

Highlights

Worldwide, lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death, with approximately 2.1 million new lung cancer cases and 1.8 million deaths [1]
As a chronic inflammatory disease, several studies have reported that periodontal disease has been demonstrated to increase the risk of several malignancies such as head and neck cancer [5], oral cancer [6, 7], digestive tract cancer [8, 9], pancreatic cancer [10], and prostate cancer [11]
There were 1228 studies initially obtained from the literature search, among which 662 studies were from PubMed database and 566 studies were from Embase database. 1185 studies were excluded according to the title and abstract, and the remaining 43 studies were needed to review the full texts

Summary

Introduction

Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death, with approximately 2.1 million new lung cancer cases and 1.8 million deaths [1]. There are no consistent conclusions on the associations between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and lung cancer risk because some studies show positive associations, while others show null associations. The associations between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and lung cancer risk remain debatable. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate whether periodontal disease and tooth loss are associated with lung cancer risk. Risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied as effect size to summarize the associations between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and lung cancer risk. The results indicated that periodontal disease was positively associated with lung cancer risk (RR = 1:37, 95%CI = 1:16‐1:63). There was a positive association between tooth loss and lung cancer risk (RR = 1:69, 95%CI = 1:46‐1:96). Periodontal disease and tooth loss are increased risk factors for lung cancer. Prevention and treatment of periodontal disease may be effective potential prevention strategies for lung cancer

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion