Abstract
Background: Cerebrovascular diseases are the leading cause of cognitive decline and dementia. Therefore, the investigation of the potential ways to slow down the disease progression is an important research field. Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) are known to be associated with transient changes in heart rate and blood pressure. These changes might influence the course of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). Nevertheless, the clinical significance of PLMS, particularly its influence on cardiovascular diseases course, is still controversial and underinvestigated.Methods/design: Patients from 60 to 75 years old diagnosed with cSVD will undergo nocturnal polysomnography. Subjects with apnea/hypopnea index under 5 will be enrolled. Sleep quality and daytime functioning will be assessed at baseline with self-reported questionnaires. Brain MRI and cognitive assessment will be performed at baseline and in the 2-year follow-up. Progression of cSVD markers and cognitive dysfunction will be compared between patients with PLMS index (PLMI) equal to or more than 15 movements per hour of sleep and controls (PLMI <15/h).Discussion: The negative role of PLMS in cSVD progression and related cognitive decline is expected. We suppose that patients with PLMS tend to worsen in cognitive performance more rapidly than age-, gender-, and comorbidity-matched controls. We also expect them to have more rapid white matter hyperintensities and other cSVD marker progression. The limitations of the study protocol are the short follow-up period, the absence of a treatment group, and inability to make a conclusion about causality.
Highlights
BackgroundCerebrovascular diseases (CVD) remain a global problem today because of high prevalence and related cognitive impairment
Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) are regarded as the possible sign of repetitive autonomic dysfunction during night sleep
It is not known if this autonomic dysfunction can worsen the course of cardiovascular pathology, as well as increase the risk of cardiovascular events
Summary
BackgroundCerebrovascular diseases (CVD) remain a global problem today because of high prevalence and related cognitive impairment. Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is one of the most prevalent forms of CVD. This term is used to describe clinical features and structural changes in brain tissue occurring due to damage. PLMS in Patients With cSVD of small perforating arterioles as well as capillaries and venules This vascular pathology results in white tissue and basal ganglia lesion that leads to neurological deficit and cognitive decline [1]. Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) are known to be associated with transient changes in heart rate and blood pressure. These changes might influence the course of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). The clinical significance of PLMS, its influence on cardiovascular diseases course, is still controversial and underinvestigated
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