Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the factors associated with periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) among obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients and identify the role of PLMS in patients with OSAS. 303 adult patients with OSAS were included in the study. All patients completed physical examination, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and polysomnography. Diagnosis of PLMS was made if the periodic leg movements index (PLMI) was ≥ 15. Chi-square test, ANOVA, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with PLMS among OSAS patients. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 26.0 for mac. Statistically significant difference was considered if P value < 0 .05. Among the 303 adult patients with OSAS, 98 patients had significant PLMS and the other 205 had no significant PLMS. Compared with OSAS patients without PLMS, OSAS patient with PLMS were older, had shorter REM duration and greater apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) (P < 0.05). The study suggests that PLMS is a matter of concern among patients with OSAS. A better understanding of the role of PLMS among OSAS patients could be useful in better recognition, intervention and treatment of OSAS.
Highlights
The aim of the study was to assess the factors associated with periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) among obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients and identify the role of Periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) in patients with Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). 303 adult patients with OSAS were included in the study
Older age, shorter duration of rapid eye movement (REM) and slow wave sleep, greater apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) and arousal index, greater Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) scoring, and greater snoring times were significantly associated with the existence of PLMS in the univariate model
Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the existence of PLMS was significantly associated with older age (47.2 ± 12.4 vs 43.4 ± 12.2 years, OR = 1.029, 95% CI = 1.007, 1.051), shorter REM duration (63.0 ± 27.2 vs 73.6 ± 29.1 min, OR = 0.990, 95% CI = 0.981, 0.999) and greater AHI (41.2 ± 26.9 vs 28.3 ± 22.5, OR = 1.023, 95% CI = 1.012, 1.033) (P < 0.05) (Table 2)
Summary
The aim of the study was to assess the factors associated with periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) among obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients and identify the role of PLMS in patients with OSAS. 303 adult patients with OSAS were included in the study. The aim of the study was to assess the factors associated with periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) among obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients and identify the role of PLMS in patients with OSAS. Periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) are frequently observed in OSAS patients. These spontaneous and repetitive muscle contractions frequently involve flexion of the toe, ankle, knee and hip[1]. PLMS was considered responsible for sleep fragmentation, and a complaint of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) was often regarded as a consequence of PLMS. The extent to which PLMS contribute to excessive daytime sleepiness and disturbed sleep structure is c ontroversial[2], and some researchers consider PLMS as a polysomnographic observation without functional s ignificance[3]. We conducted the study to explore the role of PLMS in patients with OSAS
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