Abstract
Perinatal stroke is a polymorphic syndrome caused by a cerebral vascular injury. It occurs between 20 weeks of gestation and the first month of postnatal life, the highest risk being near birth. Perinatal stroke includes a variety of lesions, depending on the vessel affected, the time of diagnosis and the type of lesion. Cumulative maternal, fetal and intrapartum risk factors determine the complex etiopathogenic mechanism. Stroke can be detected early in the neonatal period or in childhood. The symptoms can be easily overlooked, and imaging investigations are relevant for diagnosis and prognosis. The management of acute stroke and the neuroprotective treatment are essential to prevent the adverse effects on the immature brain. Perinatal brain damage has effects on motor and cognitive function, affecting the quality of life.
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