Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension in pregnancy plays a key role in perinatal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to analyze maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with hypertension in pregnant women. Methods: A prospective longitudinal study was conducted at the University Hospital of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil, involving hypertensive pregnant women admitted for delivery. The results were analyzed using the chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney test. Results: Of the 162 hypertensive pregnant women studied, 61.1% were diagnosed with preeclampsia. Cesarean section was the most frequent mode of delivery (79.6%). Overall, 46.2% of newborns were premature; of these, 23.4% required intensive neonatal care. Preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia were associated with prematurity in 56.2% of cases (p = 0.011) and 75.7% of cases (p = 0.004), respectively. Severe preeclampsia was associated with neonatal complications (45.9%), and no neonatal complications were associated with mild preeclampsia in 78% (p = 0.014) and gestational hypertension in 96% (p = 0.001). Neonatal deaths occurred in 11.1% of cases admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, corresponding to a neonatal mortality rate of 24 per 1,000 live births. Conclusions: The association of severe preeclampsia with prematurity and adverse perinatal outcomes corroborates the need for care of these laboring women in referral centers with specialized neonatal care. Keywords: Hypertension; pregnancy; pre-eclampsia; perinatal outcome; neonatal complications
Highlights
Hypertension in pregnancy plays a key role in perinatal morbidity and mortality
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy occur in 5-10% of pregnancies and represents one of the main causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality
Chronic hypertension is defined as high blood pressure (BP) known to predate gestation or detected before 20 weeks of gestation
Summary
This study aims to analyze maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with hypertension in pregnant women
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