Abstract
The lipid droplet (LD)-associated protein adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP or PLIN2) is required for the formation and stability of the LD organelle, whereas its biological roles are still obscure. Herein, we show that PLIN2 is the most abundant protein on the lipid droplets (LDs) of mouse myoblast cell line C2C12. Both the expression of PLIN2 and the accumulation of LDs were up-regulated in a time- and dose-dependent manner when the cells were treated with oleate (OA). The protein level of PLIN2 was positively correlated with the formation of LDs, suggesting that LDs stabilize PLIN2. Furthermore, knocking out PLIN2 in C2C12 cells led to enlarged LDs and higher triacylglycerol hydrolysis activity. The isolated PLIN2 null LDs became closely contact with mitochondria and other cellular organelles. Additionally, mitochondrial activity was suppressed by OA in PLIN2 null cells. Our results reveal the pivotal roles of PLIN2 in governing LD dynamics and their relationship to mitochondria, and suggest a reciprocal stabilization between PLIN2 and LDs.
Highlights
Obesity develops when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, leading to lipid accumulation in adipose tissues and nonadipose tissues, which alters systemic metabolism and can lead to metabolic syndrome (Murphy et al 2009; Unger et al.Ó The Author(s) 20192010)
Proteins extracted from lipid droplet (LD) displayed a relatively simple pattern that was obviously distinct from the protein profiles of the other three cellular fractions, including post-nuclear supernatant (PNS), total membranes (TM), and cytosol (Cyto)
We show that OA induced the expression of PLIN2 and the formation of LDs
Summary
Obesity develops when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, leading to lipid accumulation in adipose tissues and nonadipose tissues (e.g., liver, muscle, etc.), which alters systemic metabolism and can lead to metabolic syndrome (Murphy et al 2009; Unger et al.Ó The Author(s) 20192010). Obesity develops when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, leading to lipid accumulation in adipose tissues and nonadipose tissues (e.g., liver, muscle, etc.), which alters systemic metabolism and can lead to metabolic syndrome Lipid droplets (LDs) are highly dynamic organelles that are composed primarily of triacylglycerol (TAG) and sterol esters (SE), which form a neutral lipid core, and are wrapped by a monolayer of phospholipids with numerous resident proteins (Brown 2001). The dynamic of LDs has been considered as an important indicator for the metabolic states of cells and tissues (Greenberg et al 2011). Excessive lipid accumulation in LDs can lead to obesity, fatty liver, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. A lack of lipid or LDs can lead to diseases such as neutral lipid storage disease and lipodystrophy
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