Peri-Conceptional A1C and Risk of Serious Adverse Pregnancy Outcome in 933 Women With Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract

OBJECTIVETo study the association between peri-conceptional A1C and serious adverse pregnancy outcome (congenital malformations and perinatal mortality).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSProspective data were collected in 933 singleton pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes.RESULTSThe risk of serious adverse outcome at different A1C levels was compared with the background population. The risk was significantly higher when peri-conceptional A1C exceeded 6.9%, and the risk tended to increase gradually with increasing A1C. Women with A1C exceeding 10.4% had a very high risk of 16%. Congenital malformation rate increased significantly at A1C above 10.4%, whereas perinatal mortality was increased even at A1C below 6.9%.CONCLUSIONSThese results support recent guidelines of preconceptional A1C levels <7% in women with type 1 diabetes.