Periareolar approach in female patients undergoing mitral and tricuspid valve surgery: An almost invisible surgical access.

Abstract

Periareolar minithoracotomy represents an interesting option in minimally invasive cardiac surgery and it is our preferred approach for women. Our aim is to assess the results in female patients, in terms of nipple postoperative pain, local sensitivity, and eventual alterations in mammography after surgery. Fifty-seven female patients underwent periareolar incision, as minithoracotomy approach, from December 2018 to December 2021. Their mean age was 56 ± 12 years, their body mass index was 22.5 ± 4.8; their surgery was elective in 93%, with mean Euroscore II about 2 ± 1.3. Of 57 patients, 87.7% (50 patients) underwent mitral valve repair, whose six with associated procedures; 8.8% (five patients) underwent mitral valve replacement whose two with tricuspid annuloplasty associated and 3.5% (two patients) had isolated tricuspid surgery. The cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamp time were 123.2 ± 30.2 and 101.3 ± min respectively. There were no conversions to either full sternotomy or larger thoracotomy approach. There were no in-hospital and follow-up deaths. No strokes or wound infections were observed. Mean follow-up was 16± 9 months. Within the investigated follow-up, 100% of the patients were satisfied with the esthetic result, no remarkable postoperative pain was reported, two patients had slight hyposensitivity in the nipple area. About 50% IThad mammography as prevention screening after surgery and no abnormalities were found. Periareolar minithoracotomy is a feasible surgical option in female patients, with excellent healing and cosmetic results and preserving the tissues of the mammary gland.