Abstract
Subsurface drainage technology may offer a useful option in improving crop productivity by preventing water-logging in poor drainage paddy fields. The present study compared two paddy fields with and without sheet-pipe type subsurface drainage on land and water productivities in Indonesia. Sheet-pipe typed is perforated plastic sheets with a hole diameter of 2 mm and made from high-density polyethylene. It is commonly installed 30–50 cm below the soil surface and placed horizontally by a machine called a mole drainer, and then the sheets will automatically be a capillary pipe. Two fields were prepared, i.e., the sheet-pipe typed field (SP field) and the non-sheet-pipe typed field (NSP field) with three rice varieties (Situ Bagendit, Inpari 6 Jete, and Inpari 43 Agritan). In both fields, weather parameters and water depth were measured by the automatic weather stations, soil moisture sensors and water level sensors. During one season, the SP field drained approximately 45% more water compared to the NSP field. Thus, it caused increasing in soil aeration and producing a more significant grain yield, particularly for Inpari 43 Agritan. The SP field produced a 5.77 ton/ha grain yield, while the NSP field was 5.09 ton/ha. By producing more grain yield, the SP field was more effective in water use as represented by higher water productivity by 20%. The results indicated that the sheet-pipe type system developed better soil aeration that provides better soil conditions for rice.
Highlights
Introduction nal affiliationsAs commonly known, rice is the main staple food for almost half of the world’s population
There were two paddy fields separated by soil bund, i.e., the sheet-pipe typed field (SP field) and nonsheet-pipe type field (NSP field)
The sheet-pipe system allows a quicker water depth drawdown probably improves soil aeration in the soil. This practical was recognized as an alternative irrigation regime conditioned plant growth under non-flooded and non-saturated soil [33]. This regime was suitable for an area with limited water resources such as upland area and water-saving technology with modified rice farming systems such as the system of rice intensification (SRI) [38]
Summary
Introduction nal affiliationsAs commonly known, rice is the main staple food for almost half of the world’s population. In Indonesia’s case, the total rice cultivation area in 2018 was 7.1 million ha, which was 0.65 million ha lower compared to 2017. Improving rice production for food self-sufficiency makes more effort, whether by expanding rice or intensifying by modifying plant, water, and nutrient management. One of the known modified rice cultivations in Indonesia is the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) [2,3,4]. In water management, intermittent irrigation is applied instead of continuous flooded irrigation in which the field is allowed to dry during a particular time. This irrigation has improved water use efficiency by up to 54.2% [3]
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