Abstract

This work highlights the modeling and simulation of a micro-grid connected renewable energy system. It comprises of wind turbine (WT) based on doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), photovoltaic generator (PV), fuel cell (FC) generator, a Hydrogen tank, a water electrolyzer used for long-term storage, and a battery bank energy storage system (BBESS) utilized for short-term storage. In this paper, a global control strategy and an energy management strategy are proposed for the overall system. This strategy consists in charging the BBESS and producing hydrogen from the water electrolyzer in case of power excess provided from WT-DFIG and photovoltaic generators. Therefore, the FC and the BBESS will be used as a backup generator to supply the demand required power, when the WT-DFIGs and the PV energy are deficient. The effectiveness of this contribution is verified through computer simulations under Matlab/Simulink, where very satisfactory results are obtained.

Highlights

  • A growing interest in renewable energy resources (RESs) has been observed these last years

  • To experience the best benefits of these sources, many energy sources can be used for hybrid energy generators systems, including wind turbine (WT), Hydro-electric power (HEP), photovoltaic panels (PV), Fuel Cells (FC) and micro-turbines [1–38]

  • In case of high-power generation from wind and solar for a long time and the battery bank energy storage system (BBESS) hits its upper limit of charge-storage, the electrolyzer comes into effect and consumes the surplus power, while generating hydrogen

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Summary

Introduction

A growing interest in renewable energy resources (RESs) has been observed these last years. The coupling of the differents energy sources, using a combination of the WT, PV array, FC with electrolyzer containing a BBESS is one of the most efficient procedures to produce very high-quality energy [2, 3, 38] This configuration brings us to speak of an electrical MG, which is associated with distributed generation and decentralized management, directed at developing small electrical grids that are normally connected to the general electricity grid. In the aim to develop efficient and economical wind energy conversion systems, different algorithm control applied to WT-DFIG have been proposed in the literature [2–23]. The main objectives of this contribution are: achieving an optimal and efficient control of the coordination between the different sources; WT-DFIG, PV and FC, BBESS and electrolyzer, ensuring better power quality for customers (for DC or AC grid) and regulating the output voltage amplitude and frequency (AC grid voltage).

Description of the proposed micro-grid
Wind energy conversion system modeling
Control of wind turbine generator (WT-DFIG)
AC-grid active power control
AC-grid réactive power control
Photovoltaic system modeling and control
Fuel cell (FC) system modeling and control
Modeling and control of electrolezer system
Battery bank (BB) system modeling
Energy management system
WT-DFIG control simulation results and discussion
Findings
Conclusions

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