Performance Optimization of SSHC Rectifiers for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting

Abstract

In the past decades, inductor-based synchronized switch harvesting on inductor (SSHI) rectifiers have been widely employed in many active rectification systems for piezoelectric energy harvesting. Although SSHI rectifiers achieve high energy extraction performance compared to passive full-bridge rectifier (FBR), the performance greatly depends on the inductor employed. While a larger inductor can achieve higher performance, the system form factor is also increased, which is counter to system miniaturization in many applications. To solve this issue, an efficient synchronized switch harvesting on capacitors (SSHC) rectifier was proposed recently. Instead of using large inductors, the SSHC rectifier employs on-chip or off-chip flying capacitors to achieve comparable or higher performance. In previous studies, the flying capacitors are chosen equal to the inherent capacitance of the piezoelectric transducer (PT) to achieve 1/3 voltage flipping efficiency <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$(\eta _{F})$ </tex-math></inline-formula> for a 1-stage SSHC rectifier and 4/5 flipping efficiency for a 8-stage SSHC rectifier. This brief presents that the flipping efficiency can be further increased to 1/2 for a 1-stage SSHC rectifier if the flying capacitor is chosen to be much larger than <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$C_{P}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and the 4/5 flipping efficiency can be achieved by employing only 4 flying capacitors.