Performance of WSNs under the Effect of Collisions and Interference

Mark Onsy,Michael Makar,Hassanein H Amer,Tarek K Refaat,Ghada Badawi,Magdy El Soudani,Hassan H Halawa,Ramez M Daoud,Hany M Elsayed,Ahmed Kenawy,Ramy Salah

doi:10.4236/wsn.2014.66010

Mark Onsy, Michael Makar + Show 9 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4236/wsn.2014.66010

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Abstract

This paper proposes a methodology for calculating the energy consumed by a Wireless Sensor Network as well as its throughput under the effect of a jamming node modelling interference to account for collisions and retransmissions. Accordingly, the proposed methodology takes into consideration retransmissions and data dropped due to interference and collisions simultaneously. Simulations are conducted using OPNET to model various scenarios utilizing off-the-shelf wireless communication standards, namely ZigBee, Wi-Fi and Low Power Wi-Fi. A figure of merit is developed to offer more representative results for applications with different requirements. In achieving different requirements for a given application, there is a clear trade-off between energy consumption and throughput.

Highlights

A collection of a large number of distributed nodes internetworked together to collect data is usually referred to as a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) [1]
The data collected from OPNET were incorporated into a MATLAB program implementing Equations (1) to (5) discussed in the methodology to obtain the energy consumed by the system over the given simulation duration taking into account the node contention as well as retransmissions due to collisions and interference
Effectively, the Goodput per Joule increases as the packet generation rate increases, explaining the positive slopes observed in Wi-Fi and Low Power Wi-Fi

Summary

Introduction

A collection of a large number of distributed nodes internetworked together to collect data is usually referred to as a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) [1]. The nodes within a WSN are often placed in harsh environments [2]. WSNs serve a wide range of applications ranging from military applications, environmental monitoring applications to Smart Grid applications. Since these nodes are mostly battery operated, efficient use of power is of pronounced significance. Motivated by efficient energy consumption, some research focused on developing MAC protocols that reduced contention on a given channel. Nodes deployed in WSNs require robust wireless communication standards, which are energy efficient [5]

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Conclusion