Abstract
To compare the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of urinary survivin and that of urine cytology in the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma in a schistosoma endemic area. This is a 12-month prospective study of patients with features of bladder carcinoma as study group and patients with other urologic conditions and healthy volunteers as control group. Patients with features of bladder carcinoma formed the study group, while patients with other urological conditions and healthy volunteers formed the control group. There were 52 patients in study group and 36 patients in control group. The mean ages of patients in the study and control groups were 47.17 ± 17.00 and 44.19 ± 18.89 years respectively. There were 48 males and 4 females in the study group, giving a male: female ratio of 12:1. Thirty-one (60 %) of the patients were farmers and 44 patients (85%) had history suggestive of schistosomiasis at childhood. The sensitivity of urine cytology and survivin in the study were 29.1% and 100.0% respectively. The specificity of urine cytology and survivin were 100.0% and 100.0% respectively (p= 0.05). The marker was associated with false positive (FP) results in patients with prostate cancer. Urinary survivin is highly sensitive, specific and predictive of bladder carcinoma in our environment. The marker is associated with false positive results in patients with prostate cancer. By authors.
Highlights
Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer and 13th most common cause of death worldwide.[1]
Consecutive patients with features of bladder cancer who presented at urology outpatient or Accident and Emergency departments of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital and met the inclusion criteria were recruited as study group
A total number of 88 patients participated in the study with 52 in the study group (SG) and 36 in control group (CG)
Summary
Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer and 13th most common cause of death worldwide.[1] In Sokoto North-Western (NW) Nigeria, bladder cancer is the commonest male malignancy and sixth most common malignancy in women.[2] In the western world, transitional cell carcinoma accounted for 95-97% of bladder cancer.[3] In Africa transitional cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of bladder accounted for 60-90% and 10-40% of cases respectively.[3] In Sokoto, Nigeria, squamous cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma accounted for 65.1% and 27.9% of bladder cancer due to endemicity of schistosomiasis.[4] Most of the patients present with advanced disease at diagnosis which was noticed in other African countries where schistosomiasis is endemic.[5] The main stay for screening, diagnosis and surveillance of patients with bladder carcinoma are urine cytology and cystoscopy with or without biopsy
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